鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)分為(wei)一(yi)(yi)般鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)及高(gao)壓(ya)鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao),我們常說的壓(ya)鑄是指(zhi)高(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)鑄,是用壓(ya)鑄機將(jiang)熔化的鋁(lv)合金高(gao)速(su)的壓(ya)入模(mo)具中,并在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)下快速(su)冷卻成形。而(er)一(yi)(yi)般鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)又(you)分為(wei)砂鑄,,低(di)壓(ya)鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao),脫蠟鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao),差(cha)壓(ya)鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao),陶(tao)瓷型鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao),石(shi)膏型鑄造(zao)(zao)(zao)等。
所以鑄造鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)就(jiu)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)一般鑄造方法得到(dao)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin),而就(jiu)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)高壓(ya)壓(ya)鑄工藝方法得到(dao)的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)合金(jin)。
世界上(shang)各國對于(yu)(yu)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)及(ji)壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)的命(ming)名(ming)方法(fa)是不同的,中(zhong)(zhong)國GB標準中(zhong)(zhong)將鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)用(yong)ZL+3位(wei)(wei)(wei)數字(zi)表示(shi),例ZL101就是鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin),用(yong)YL+3位(wei)(wei)(wei)數字(zi)表示(shi),例YL102;日本JIS標準中(zhong)(zhong)將鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)用(yong)4位(wei)(wei)(wei)字(zi)數來描述(shu),例AC4C,A代(dai)表鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),C代(dai)表一個系列,4C代(dai)表分類別;壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)用(yong)ADC+2位(wei)(wei)(wei)數字(zi)表示(shi),比如用(yong)的最(zui)廣泛(fan)的ADC10,ADC12;美國ASTM標準中(zhong)(zhong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)用(yong)A+3位(wei)(wei)(wei)數字(zi)表示(shi),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)3位(wei)(wei)(wei)數字(zi)的值(zhi)大于(yu)(yu)359時(shi)為(wei)壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin),小于(yu)(yu)等于(yu)(yu)359時(shi)為(wei)鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin);例用(yong)得最(zui)廣泛(fan)的A380是,而A356是鑄(zhu)(zhu)造鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin),主(zhu)要用(yong)于(yu)(yu)。
鑄(zhu)造鋁合金容易作陽極,而壓(ya)鑄(zhu)鋁合金很(hen)難作。但(dan)壓(ya)鑄(zhu)鋁合金作電鍍相對(dui)要(yao)好些。